 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Enhancement of the Two-Stage Process for Producing Biodiesel from High Free Fatty Acid Mixed Crude Palm Oil) ผู้เขียน: Surachai Jansri, Gumpon Prateepchaikul สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractA two-stage process (esterifi cation followed by transesterifi cation) was investigated in biodiesel production from mixed crude palm oil (MCPO) having high free fatty acid (FFA). For the required methyl ester content greater than 96.5 wt%, the two-stage process could produce biodiesel obtaining 95% yield under a molar ratio of 10:1 of methanol to FFA and 10 wt% of sulfuric acid based on FFA, and a molar ratio of 6:1 of methanol to initial triglyceride (TG) and 0.6 %wt/v of sodium hydroxide based on the initial TG at 60 ?C with a total production time of 11 hr 35 min. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Comparison of Biodiesel Production from High Free Fatty Acid, Crude Coconut Oil via Saponification followed by Transesterification or a Two-Stage Process) ผู้เขียน:Surachai Jansri, Gumpon Prateepchaikul สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractSaponification followed by a transesterification process (SFT) or a two-stage process (TSP) were investigated for biodiesel production from high free fatty acid (FFA), crude coconut oil. In SFT, the effects of the concentration of NaOH solution on free fatty acid reduction were investigated. The oil from saponification after cleaning was used as a raw material to produce biodiesel. For TSP, the effects of methanol and H2SO4 on free fatty acid reduction were determined using various amounts of methanol catalyzed by H2SO4 and with different amounts of H2SO4 in methanol. Then, the de-acidified oil was used to produce biodiesel. All reactions were carried out at 60?C and monitored by titration and thin layer chromatography/flame ionization detection. The suitable conditions of SFT for obtaining 99% by weight methyl ester content were: 15 v% of water, 36 v% of methanol and 19.9 %wt/v of NaOH, yielding 45.6% in 26 h. Like methyl ester concentration, TSP could produce 86.6% yield of biodiesel under 5 v% of H2SO4, 37 v% of methanol and 2.5 %wt/v of NaOH in 14.25 h. Finally, the biodiesel cost was approximately 57.09 and 32.02 THB/L by SFT and TSP, respectively. Therefore, TSP was considered more suitable for producing biodiesel from high FFA crude coconut oil because it was quicker, cheaper and produced a higher yield. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Acid-Catalyzed Esterification: A Technique for Reducing High Free Fatty Acid in Mixed Crude Palm Oil) ผู้เขียน:Surachai Jansri, Gumpon Prateepchaikul, Sukritthira B. Ratanawilai สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractAcid-catalyzed esterification for reducing high free fatty acid (FFA) in mixed crude palm oil (MCPO) was investigated in a constant-temperature hot water bath based on parameters such as the speed of stirrer, the catalyst concentration (H2SO4), the molar ratio of methanol to oil and reaction temperature. The samples were analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography for determining the decrease of FFA in MCPO. The high FFA in MCPO was rapidly reduced to less than 1%wt in the first 30 seconds under the reaction conditions of a 3:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil and 0.8%wt H2SO4 at 60 ?C. |